Belly Cargo (Freighter Capacity)

What Is Belly Cargo?

Belly cargo refers to freight carried in the lower cargo hold (the "belly") of a passenger aircraft, as opposed to cargo carried on dedicated freighter aircraft that carry only freight.

How Does Belly Cargo Work?

Passenger airlines sell the unused cargo space beneath the passenger cabin to freight forwarders and shippers, effectively monetizing capacity that would otherwise go unused. Belly cargo capacity is tied directly to passenger flight schedules and route networks, so it expands and contracts with passenger travel demand rather than pure freight demand.

Why Belly Cargo Matters

Belly cargo makes up a large share of total global air freight capacity, which is why passenger flight disruptions (like those seen during major travel slowdowns) can significantly tighten air freight capacity and push up rates, independent of freight demand itself. Shippers relying heavily on belly cargo routes should be aware that capacity can shift quickly with airline schedule changes, unlike dedicated freighter capacity.